NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources, contains solutions to various questions in Exercises for Chapter 15. Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 NCERT Solutions has been explained in a simple and easy-to-understand manner. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 help to check the concept you have learned from detailed classroom sessions and the application of your knowledge.
| Category | NCERT Solutions for Class 9 |
| Subject | Science |
| Chapter | Chapter 15 – Improvement in Food Resources |
Download NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 – Improvement in Food Resources
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources Quesion Answers
1. What do we get from cereals, pulses, fruits and vegetables?
Answer.
- Cereals are sources of carbohydrates which provide energy.
- Pulses are sources of protein.
- Vegetables and fruits provide us vitamin and minerals.
Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Page No 205
1. How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production?
Answer.
Factors which affect crop production are:
i. Biotic factors: It includes rodents, pests, insects, etc.
ii. Abiotic factors: It includes drought, salinity, water logging, heat, cold and frost.
Both biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production in the following ways:
a) Poor seed germination.
b) Lower yield.
c) Discolouration of leaves.
2. What are the desirable agronomic characteristics for crop improvements?
Answer.
Desirable agronomic characteristics in crop plants help to give higher productivity. For example:
i. Tallness and profuse branching are desirable in fodder crops.
ii. Dwarfness is desirable in cereals, so that less nutrients are consumed by these crops.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources Intext Questions – Page No. 206
1. What are macronutrients and why are they called macronutrients?
Answer.
Macronutrients are the essential nutrients required for growth, functioning and survival of plants. They are called so because they are required in large amounts by plants.
They are six in number:
nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous and sulphur.
2. How do plants get nutrients?
Answer.
Soil is the reservoir of nutrients and roots of plants absorb these nutrients. Some nutrients are provided by air and soil too.
Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Page No. 207
1. Compare the use of manure and fertilizer in maintaining soil fertility.
Answer.
Effects of manure in maintaining soil fertility are as follows:
- Manure provides a lot of nutrient matter (humus) to the soil.
- They are source of soil organisms like friendly bacteria.
Effects of fertilizers on soil quality are:
- Excessive use of fertilizers leads to depletion of the organic matter.
- It leads to dryness of the soil and rate of soil erosion increases.
Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Page No. 208
1. Which of the following conditions will give the most benefits? Why?
(a) Farmers use high-quality seeds, do not adopt irrigation or use fertilizers.
(b) Farmers use ordinary seeds, adopt irrigation and use fertilizer.
(c) Farmers use quality seeds, adopt irrigation, use fertilizer and use crop protection measures.
Answer.
Condition (c) will give most benefits because
- Good quality seeds will give appreciable yield.
- Irrigation methods will overcome drought and flood conditions.
- Fertilizers fulfill the nutrient requirements of the soil.
- Crop protection methods ensure protection of plants from weeds, pests and pathogen.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Improvement in Food Resources Intext Questions – Page No. 209
1. Why should preventive measures and biological control methods be preferred for protecting crops?
Answer.
Preventive measures and biological control methods should be preferred for protecting crops because:
- They minimize pollution and are ecologically safe.
- They minimize the adverse effects on soil fertility.
- They are economical.
- They do not harm other living organisms.
- They are target specific.
2. What factors may be responsible for losses of grain during storage?
Answer.
The major factors responsible for losses of grain during storage are:
- Biotic factors: They include attack from insects, rodents, fungi and bacteria
- Abiotic factors: They include inappropriate moisture and temperature in place of storage.
Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Page No. 210
1. Which method is commonly used for improving cattle breeds and why?
Answer.
Cross breeding is a method commonly used for improving cattle breeds. It is the process in which indigenous varieties of cattle are crossed with exotic breeds to get a cross-breed which possess desired qualities.
Improvement in Food resources class 9 Page No. 211
1. Discuss the implications of the following statement: “It is interesting to note that poultry is India’s most efficient converter of low fibre foodstuff (which is unfit for human consumption) into highly nutritious animal protein food.”
Answer.
Poultry birds efficiently convert agricultural products and fibrous wastes into high quality meat. Since, the waste which is unfit for human consumption is used as cheaper diet for poultry birds. Also, they help in providing eggs, feather and nutrient rich manure. Therefore, the mentioned statement is implicit for poultry birds.
2. What management practices are common in dairy and poultry farming?
Answer.
Common management practices include:
- Keeping the shelters well-designed, ventilated and hygienic.
- Providing healthy feed and balanced nutrition to animals and birds.
- Ensuring that animals and birds are disease-free by doing regular-checkups.
3. What are the differences between broilers and layers in their management?
Answer.
| BROILER | LAYER |
| A broiler is a poultry bird especially kept for obtaining meat. | A layer is a poultry bird that gives eggs. |
| They require protein-rich food with adequate fat and high amount of vitamin A and K. | They require feed with vitamins, minerals and micronutrients. |
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 – Improvement in Food Resources – Intext Questions – Page No. 213
1. How are fish obtained?
Answer.
Fish is obtained by either capturing them from their natural resources or by culturing them by fish farming.
2. What are the advantages of composite fish culture?
Answer.
Advantages of composite fish culture are:
- Fishes selected for composite culture have different feeding habits which avoid competition for food between them.
- All the species together use all the food in the pond without facing competition from each other.
- It ultimately leads to increase of the fish yield in the pond.
3. What are the desirable characters of bee varieties suitable for honey production?
Answer.
The desirable characters of bee varieties suitable for honey production are:
- They must have efficient honey collection capacity.
- They should be stingless.
- They must breed very well.
- They should be able to stay in the beehive for long periods.
4. What is pasturage and how is it related to honey production?
Answer.
Pasturage includes plants and trees found around an apiary. From them, nectar and pollen are collected by bees to form honey.
Pasturage specifically determines the quality and quantity of honey.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15 Exercise – Page No. 214 and 215
1. Explain any one method of crop production that ensures high yield.
Answer.
Intercropping is a method of crop production which ensures high yield. In this method, two or more crops having different nutrient requirements are grown simultaneously on the same field in a definite pattern.
2. Why are manures and fertilizers used in fields?
Answer.
Manures and fertilizers are used in fields to increase the fertility of the soil. They also enhance crop productivity and replenish the nutrients in the soil.
3. What are the advantages of intercropping and crop rotation?
Answer.
Advantages of intercropping are:
- Since the selected crops differ in nutrient requirement, it ensures maximum utilization of supplied nutrients.
- It prevents the spread of crop and diseases to all plants belonging to one crop in a field.
Advantages of crop rotation are:
- It makes the soil fertile and increases the yield from a single field.
- It reduces the use of fertilizers. For ex. Leguminous plants that are frown in crop rotation help in biological nitrogen fixation, thus eliminates the requirement of nitrogenous fertilizers.
4. What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agricultural practices?
Answer.
Genetic manipulation is the incorporation of desirable traits into an organism through hybridization, mutation, DNA recombination etc. Therefore, certain changes are introduced at the genetic level.
It is highly useful because it helps to attain desirable characters like disease resistance, better adaptability and higher yield.
5. How do storage grain losses occur?
Answer.
The major factors responsible for losses of grain during storage are:
- Biotic factors: They include attack from insects, rodents, fungi and bacteria
- Abiotic factors: They include inappropriate moisture and temperature in place of storage.
6. How do good animal husbandry practices benefit farmers?
Answer.
Animal husbandry involves scientific management of farm animals. It provides benefits to farmers in the following ways:
- Improvement of breeds having desirable characters.
- Better yield in both quality and quantity.
- Reduction in input cost.
7. What are the benefits of cattle farming?
Answer.
Benefits of cattle farming are as follows:
- Milk is obtained from cattle. Variety of milk products can be made from this milk.
- Cattle can be employed in labour work in farms. It can be use to perform tilling, irrigation and carting.
8. For increasing production, what is common in poultry, fisheries and bee-keeping?
Answer.
For increasing production, the most commonly used practice is cross-breeding. It also helps to develop desirable characteristics.
9. How do you differentiate between capture fishing, mariculture and aquaculture?
Answer.
| Capture Fishing | Mariculture | Aquaculture |
| It is the process of obtaining fish from natural resources like ponds, rivers etc | It is the practice of culture of marine fish varieties in the coastal waters. | It is the production of fish from fresh water sources like canals and brackish water sources like estuaries and lagoons. |
| Fishes can be located easily and then caught by fishing net. | Satellites and echo- sounders are used for locating large fish schools and then caught using many kinds of fishing nets. | Fishes can be located easily and then caught by fishing net. |
Topics Covered in Improvement in Food Resources Class 9 Science
- Improvement in Crop Yields
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- CROP VARIETY IMPROVEMENT
- CROP PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
- CROP PROTECTION MANAGEMENT
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- Animal Husbandry
- CATTLE FARMING
- POULTRY FARMING
- FISH PRODUCTION