Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Class 9 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers covers various types i.e. Very short, Short and Long questions, related to the topic so as to help the students with their preparation by helping them do an in-depth study of the topic.
The chapter deals with the natural vegetation and wildlife in India. The chapter begins with a discussion about the relief and climatic factors that affect the vegetation. Different types of vegetation are discussed in detail. The following section discusses Indian wildlife in detail. The chapter also discusses how overexploitation of resources has led to the depletion of natural vegetation and wildlife. Various measures adopted by the government to conserve biodiversity have also been given.
Class 9 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions are Answered in detail by our team of experts which includes teachers and professionals. These solutions have been compiled in an easy to understand manner, keeping in mind, the perspective of strong, and weak students. We are providing NCERT Solutions for Class 9 all subjects which can be accessed by clicking here.
Class 9 Geography Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers – Very Short Type Questions: [1-2 marks]
Ques.1: What is virgin vegetation?
Ans.1: The vegetation that has grown naturally without any human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time is known as virgin vegetation or natural vegetation.
Ques.2: Define endemic and exotic species.
Ans.2: The species which are found exclusively in India are endemic species and the species found outside India are exotic species.
Ques.3: On which two broad factors does the vegetation depend?
Ans.3: The vegetation of a region depends broadly on relief and climate.
Ques.4: Which are the most widespread forests of India?
Ans.4: Tropical deciduous forests.
Ques.5: Which are the monsoon forests?
Ans.5: Tropical deciduous forests
Ques.6: When was the Wildlife Protection Act implemented?
Ans.6: The Wildlife Protection Act was implemented in 1972.
Ques.7: How many biosphere reserves does India have? Name them.
Ans.7: There are a total of eighteen biosphere reserves in India. These are Sundarbans, Simlipal, Gulf of Mannar, Dihang-Dibang, Nilgiris, Dibru Saikhowa, Nanda Devi, Agasthyamalai, Nokrek, Kangchendzonga, Great Nicobar, Pachmarhi, Manas, and Achanakmar-Amarkantak.
Ques.8: Name a few migratory birds. Which location in India is favourable for these birds?
Ans.8: Migratory bird species that come to India are Siberian Crane and Flamingo. The Rann of Kachchh provides a favourable location for these migratory bird species.
Short Answer Type Questions: 2-4 Marks
Ques.1: Discuss the importance of forests for human beings.
Ans.1: The forests are important for human beings for the following reasons:
a) The forests are renewable resource. They regenerate by themselves.
b) They enhance the quality of the environment.
c) They support multiple ecosystems and biodiversity.
d) They help in causing rainfall and regulating streamflow.
e) The forests help in maintaining ecological balance and control soil erosion.
f) A lot of industries and local tribes and communities are supported by the forests.
Ques.2: Write short notes on the following:
a) Tropical Evergreen forests
b) Thorn forests and Scrubs
c) Mangrove forests
Ans.2: Solutions:
a) Tropical Evergreen forests are found in areas of rainfall more than 200 cm. These are also known as rainforests. These forests are evergreen and the trees do not shed their leaves. These are found in the Western Ghats, Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobars, Assam and Tamil Nadu coast. Trees found in these forests include ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and cinchona. Fauna includes elephant, monkey, lemur, deer, one-horned rhinoceros birds, bats, sloth, scorpions and snails.
b) Thorn forests and scrubs are found in areas with less than 70 cm rainfall. These areas are the northwestern part of the country, including semi-arid areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. The trees in these regions have long roots to draw water from the ground. Leaves are succulent and thick, thus conserving water and minimising evaporation. The areas with even lesser rainfall have thorn forest and scrubs. Flora includes Acacias, palms, euphorbias and cacti. Fauna includes rats, mice, rabbits, fox, wolf, tiger, lion, wild ass, horses and camels.
c) The mangrove forests are also known as the tidal forests. The trees in these forests have their roots submerged underwater. The Ganga, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari, and Kaveri deltas have mangrove forests. The most famous and world’s largest delta Is the Sundarbans delta. The Sundari trees found in this region provide hard timber. Royal Bengal Tiger is a famous animal. Other animals include crocodiles, turtles, and snakes.
Ques.3: Distinguish between moist and dry deciduous forests.
Ans.3:
Ques.4: Name a few medicinal forests found in India and their uses.
Ans.4: Major medicinal plants found in India are:
a) Sarpagandha: It is endemic to India and is used for curing blood pressure.
b) Jamun: It is a fruit and is used to prepare vinegar and is also beneficial for the digestive system and treating diabetes.
c) Arjun: This plant provides relief from earache and helps regulate blood pressure.
d) Babool: It cures eye ores and its gum serves as a tonic.
e) Neem: It has antibacterial and antibiotic properties.
f) Tulsi: Its leaves are beneficial to cure a cold and cough.
g) Kachnar: It helps to cure ulcers and asthma. Its roots are good for digestive problems.
Ques.5: Why is the conservation of biodiversity important?
Ans.5: The conservation of biodiversity is extremely important as every species that exists on this planet perform an important role in the balance of the ecosystem. Some of the animals provide us with food, while others provide medicines and forms of transportation. Insects help in pollination of plants. Plants provide us with food and medicines.
Ques.6: What steps have been taken by the government to protect biodiversity?
Ans.6: The following steps have been taken by the government to protect the biodiversity in the country:
- The government has set up eighteenth biosphere reserves in the country out of which ten are included in the world network of biospheres.
- Botanical gardens to preserve endemic plant species have also been set up.
- Eco-developmental projects like Project Tiger, Project Rhino, and Project Great Indian Bustard have also been introduced.
- 103 national Parks, 535 Wildlife Sanctuaries and Zoological gardens are also set up to conserve natural heritage.
Long Answer Type Questions: 4-6 Marks
Ques.1: The vegetation of an area is dependent on various factors. Discuss.
Ans.1: The vegetation of any area is dependent on the following factors:
a) Relief features
- Land: The type of vegetation depends on the land. Fertile land is best suited to agriculture. Rough and rugged lands are turned into grazing grasslands.
- Soil: Different types of soil support different vegetations. Dry soils support thorny vegetation while swampy and marshy soils support deltaic vegetation. The soil in mountainous areas supports alpine vegetation.
b) Climatic Factor
- Temperature: The vegetation is influenced by temperature and humidity. As the temperature falls with elevation, the vegetation changes from tropical to subtropical to temperate.
- Photoperiod: Photoperiod is the time duration for which the sunlight is available. It varies with latitude, altitude, season, and duration of the day. Trees grow faster in summers due to the longer exposure to sunlight.
- Precipitation: Higher precipitation ensures more thick vegetation and vice versa. The areas of low rainfall have low vegetative cover as opposed to the thick forests in areas of high rainfall.
Ques.2: Give a brief description of the wildlife of India.
Ans.2: The wildlife in India is very rich. India has around 90,000 animal species and 2,000 bird species. These account for 13% of the world total. The species of fish found in India account for 12% of the world total. 5 to 8% amphibians, reptiles and mammals of the world are also found in India. The different types of vegetations in India house different fauna. The tropical evergreen forests have animals like elephants, one-horned rhinoceroses, etc. Camels and wild ass are found in arid areas of the country. Other animals include Indian bison, nilgai, gazelle, deer, monkeys, etc. The Sundarbans have tigers and the Gir forest of Gujarat has the lion. Leopards are also found in the country. the Himalayas also house a wide variety of fauna. These include yak, Tibetan antelope, the bharal, wild sheep, snow-leopard and rare red panda are found in certain pockets. Turtles, crocodiles, and gharials are found in water bodies. Bird species include peacocks, pheasants, ducks, parakeets, cranes and pigeons.
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