Class 10 Civics Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements covers all Extra Questions and Answers of various types i.e. from short questions to long questions, related to the topic so as to help the students with their preparation by helping them do an in-depth study of the topic.
- This chapter tells us that how those who exercise power are constrained by the influence and pressure exerted on them.
- The chapter showcases how struggle around conflicting demands and pressures shape democracy and the indirect ways of influencing politics, through pressure groups and movements.
- The chapter also talks about the Nepal’s Movement for democracy, Bolivian water war, and Narmada Bachao Andolan in brief.
Class 10 Civics Chapter 5 Extra Questions are Answered in detail by our team of experts which includes teachers and professionals. These solutions have been compiled in an easy to understand manner, keeping in mind, the perspective of strong, and weak students. We are providing NCERT Solutions for Class 10 all subjects which can be accessed by clicking here.
Class 10 Civics Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers – Very Short Type Questions: [1-2 marks]
1. Name the king of Nepal who was not ready to accept the democratic rule.
Ans) King Gyanendra
2. What is the full form of the term SPA?
Ans) Seven Party Alliance
3. Who was chosen as the new prime minister of the interim government in Nepal by the SPA?
Ans) Girija Prasad Koirala
4. In which year was the monarchy abolished in Nepal?
Ans) 2008
5. When did Nepal adopt a new constitution?
Ans) 2015
6. In which year did the Karnataka government set up the Karnataka pulpwood limited?
Ans) 1984
7. In the year 1987, a movement _______ meaning pluck the plant was started as a non-violent protest in Karnataka.
Ans) Kittiko Hachchiko
8. The protest against water privatization in Bolivia was not led by any political party but was led by an organization named ___________.
Ans) FEDECOR
9. _________ are organisations that attempt to influence government policies.
Ans) Pressure Groups
10. Along with SPA, there were also other parties like _______ which did not believe in a parliamentary form of governments.
Ans) Nepalese Communist party
11. Which party was involved in an armed struggle with the Nepali government?
Ans) Nepalese Communist party
12. NAPM or _________ is an organisation of organisations.
Ans) National Alliance for People’s Movement
13. Many democratic governments provide their citizens with the RTI or ________ enacted in the year 2005.
Ans) Right to Information, 2005
14. The _______ movement has planted 30 million trees across Kenya.
Ans) The Green Belt Movement
15. Name two parties which were formed as a result of the social reform movements during the twentieth century.
Ans) DMK, AIADMK (Tamil Nadu)
Class 10 Civics Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers – Short Type Questions: [2-4 marks]
1. What were the three demands of the SPA?
Ans) The SPA or the seven-party alliance mainly put forward three demands in front of the king which were as follows:
- Firstly, they wanted restoration of parliament
- Secondly, they wanted power to an all-party government.
- Thirdly they wanted a new constituent assembly.
2. What do you mean by the term Maoists?
Ans) Maoists refer to the people who are communists but believe in the ideology of Mao, the leader of the Chinese revolution. They believe in the process of using violence to get their demands fulfilled. Their main motive can be said as to overthrow the government and establish the rule of peasants and workers for the sake of society.
3. Point out two difference between Nepal’s and Bolivian’s struggle.
Ans) Both the cases of Nepal and Bolivia were similar yet different from each other. Some of the differences between them are as follows:
- The movement in Nepal was to establish democracy whereas in case of Bolivia it was for demanding claims from the democratically elected government.
- In the case of Nepal, the struggle was for the foundations of the country’s politics whereas on the other hand in case of Bolivia it was for one specific policy.
4. What do you mean by pressure groups?
Ans) Pressure groups can be defined as organisations that try to influence government policies. But they do it indirectly. They form an organisation by collaborating with people from different professional and social backgrounds like teachers, students, workers etc. who willingly come together to achieve some common objective.
5. Name a few movements that have taken place in history owing to the demands of the pressure groups.
Ans) Examples of a few past movements are as follows below:
- Narmada Bachao Andolan
- Movement for Right to Information
- Anti-Liquor Movement
- Women’s Movement
- Environmental Movement
6. Point out the main difference between sectional interest groups and public interest groups.
Ans) In general interests’ groups seeks to promote the needs and demands of a particular group of people belonging to the same section. Examples of this type of groups are trade unions, business associations etc. On the other hand, Public interest groups work for the needs and demands of not one group or section of people but the public in general. They represent the common or general need of the people and the members themselves may not be benefitted but they work for the greater good of the society. Example FEDECOR during the Bolivian water war.
7. What is BAMSEF?
Ans) BAMSEF stands for Backward and Minority Communities Employees Federation which is a governmental organisation that conducts campaigns against discrimination and also helps people who suffer due to it. Its principle concern is to work for social justice and equality for all.
8. What do you mean by issue-specific and generic movements?
Ans) When a particular movement seeks to achieve a single objective within a fixed time frame then they can be called as issue-specific movements. When a particular movement aims to achieve a broad goal and this movement when it goes on for a long period then it can be termed as a generic movement.
9. Explain how the Narmada Bachao movement turned into a generic movement?
Ans) Initially the Narmada Bachao movement was started as an issue specific movement which stood for the rights of the villagers who got displaced because of the building of the Sardar Sarovar Dam on Narmada river however slowly and gradually it turned to a generic movement which started questioning the building of any such dams elsewhere in the country and the model of development required by these dams.
Class 10 Civics Chapter 5 Extra Questions and Answers – Long Type Questions: [4-6 marks]
1. How do pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics?
Ans) Pressure Groups and movements exert influence on politics in some ways. A few of them are as mentioned below:
- Firstly, the focus on gaining the support of the common masses and tries to act like their voice and put forwards their opinion and demands in front of the government.
- They carry out several activities like protests, campaigns, filling petition etc. to gain the sympathy of the public and often organizes protest activities like rallies, strikes and campaigns to bring into governments notice the demands of the people.
- Pressure Groups most of the times include influential members and media to grab the attention and get the required publicity to promote their necessities. This leads to mass communication and better results and also puts additional pressure on the government to accept the demands.
- Many times new political parties are formed when people with similar ideologies and demands come together to voice their opinions. For example, The Asom Gana Parishad was formed while fighting of the students against the foreigners.
2. Describe the Bolivian water war in details.
Ans)
- Bolivia a poor country of Latin America had already gained its democracy long back however struggled a lot to demand the rights from the democratically elected government.
- Right to safe drinking water is a very important right and in most countries, it is one of the rights that fall under their fundamental set of rights. The government of Bolivia, however, owing to the pressurization by the World bank gave up its control of the municipal supply of water.
- The country sold its rights to a multi-national company named Cochabamba which led to a severe increase in the water bills.
- The average monthly income of citizens of Bolivia is estimated to be Rs. 5000 where they received an average bill of Rs. 1000 just for the supply of water. As a result, several protests and campaigns started taking place and this came to be known as the Bolivian Water War.
 3. What do you know about the popular movement that took place in Nepal in the year 2006?
Ans)
- Nepal witnesses an extra-ordinary movement in April 2006 to reestablish back democracy. Nepal initially followed the system of constitutional monarchy however after King Birendra was killed in a massacre the new king did not accept this form of government and wanted rule according to his whims and fancies. When in 2005 he dissolved the democratically elected prime minister then the country rose in protest and started this movement to gain back their democracy.
- All major parties formed an alliance which was known as SPA and soon the protests turned into an indefinite strike when the Maoists join the movement.
- Constant curfews, protests and collection of lakhs of people daily finally forced the kind to accept the demands of the people and finally, Girija Prasad was chosen as the newly elected prime minister.
- Also finally in the year 2008 monarchy was abolished and Nepal was established as a democratic nation.
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