Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers

Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Democracy and Diversity covers all Extra Questions and Answers of various types i.e. from short questions to long questions, related to the topic so as to help the students with their preparation by helping them do an in-depth study of the topic.

• The primary focus of this chapter is to bring out the different types characters that people identify themselves with apart from language and religion.
• This chapter focuses on how democracy responds to social differences, divisions and inequalities.
• This chapter also present before the student’s, different cases of various countries around the world like Mexico, Yugoslavia etc. to showcase the world scenario on the same.

Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions are Answered in detail by our team of experts which includes teachers and professionals. These solutions have been compiled in an easy to understand manner, keeping in mind, the perspective of strong, and weak students. We are providing NCERT Solutions for Class 10 all subjects which can be accessed by clicking here.

Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers – Very Short Type Questions: [1-2 marks]

1) Name two African American athletes who won gold and bronze medals respectively in the 1968 Olympics.

Ans) Tommie Smith, John Carlos

2) What was the period during which the Civil war in the USA took place?

Ans) 1954-1968

3) In which year did the black power movement emerge?

Ans) 1966

4) What can be termed as the main origin of social differences?

Ans) Accident of birth

5) Give an example of one social difference which is not based on the accident of birth.

Ans) Atheism

6) The difference between Blacks and Whites in America is a case of ————-

Ans) Social Division

7) Which group in India was the most discriminated against?

Ans) Dalits

8) ______ bring with them their own culture and tend to form a different social community.

Ans) Migrants

9) Countries like Germany and Sweden were once highly ______ but are recently undergoing a rapid changing owing to migrants.

Ans) Homogeneous

10) Political competition along religious ending ethnic lines led to the disintegration of ______ into six independent countries.

Ans) Yugoslavia

11) In the year _________ the nationalists and the UK government signed a peace treaty to suspend the armed movement.

Ans) 1998

12) In a democracy ________ of social divisions is normal and can be healthy.

Ans) Political democracy

13) Sometimes, social differences can take the form of an unacceptable level of _______ and ______.

Ans) Social inequality, Injustice

14) History shows ________ is the best way to fight for recognition and also to accommodate diversity.

Ans) Democracy

15) Name a country where both linguistic, as well as religious conflict, exists.

Ans) Sri Lanka

16) _________ is a type of society that has a similar kind of people, especially with no significant ethnic differences.

Ans) Homogeneous

Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers – Short Type Questions: [2-4 marks]

1) Talk about two gestures what were performed in 1968 Olympics to attract international attention towards the racial discrimination prevalent in America.

Or,

Write in brief the story of medal ceremony of the 200 meters’ race in 1968 Olympics.     

Ans)

• African American athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos who were winners of gold and silver medals in an Olympic race while receiving their awards wore black socks and no shoes to represent black poverty. They wore black gloves and raised their hands with clenched fists symbolizing black power.
• To support the two athletes silver medalist Peter Norman wore a human rights badge on his shirt during the ceremony. All these gestures by different athletes aimed at attracting international attention towards racial discrimination prevalent in America.

2) Did the Olympic committee approve of the gestures of the three athletes? Were any actions taken for or against their gestures?

Ans) The Olympic committee did not approve of the actions of the athletes and severe actions were taken against them as according to the association the gestures put forward by the athletes violated the Olympic spirit as it made a political statement. They were criticized a lot back in their hometown as well and also their medals were taken back. Smith who supported the two African Americans in their movement was also disqualified for the next time’s Olympic as a punishment.

3) What do you know about the civil rights movement of the USA that took place during the period 1954-1968?

Ans) A civil rights movement took place in the USA during the period 1954-1968 to abolish racial discrimination against African Americans. This movement was led by Martin Luther King Junior and accomplished non-violent methods of civil disobedience against the racially discriminatory laws and practices, This, was a movement to protect the African Americans who were mainly the progenies of Africans brought as slaves during 17^th and 18^th centuries.

4) Social diversity can take different forms in different societies. Justify the statement with examples.

Ans) Social diversity can be defined as a concept of acceptance and respect for different social groups if managed wisely and in this concept, people are divided based on religion, caste, class or culture.

• However, over the years’ different types of social diversities has been witnessed for example in Sri Lanka they existed a linguistic diversity where majority population was that of Sinhalas and minority was that of Tamils which led to a conflict like situation resulting in a war because the diversity was not managed successfully by the government.
• On the other hand, Belgium had a mixed composition with Dutch, French and German speakers however owing to the government’s successful policies they could survive this difference with ease and lived in harmony and peace.

5) What do you mean by the term Black Power?

Ans) It was a type of movement which mainly emerged during the year 1966 and lasted till 1975 and was known to be a more militant, anti-racist movement. It did not prevent the usage of violence during protests and disobedience measures, rather supported it in case of necessity to end the racial discrimination in the country.

6) Social differences divide similar people from one another, but also unite very different people. Justify the following statement by giving examples.

Or,

Give one example to show how we all have more than one identity.

Ans) The above statement that social differences divide similar people and unite different people is true as every individual has several identities which are different in different contexts. For example, a person who is a Hindu belongs to a rich family and is an Indian can be both similar and different from a person who is a Christian, belongs to a poor family and is an Indian. In this case, both the people are different as they belong to different religion and different social classes however both share the same national identity and hence are similar to each other along with the fact that both are categorized under the same nationality of being an Indian citizen.

7) Overlapping social differences create possibilities of deep social divisions and tensions. Justify the statement with an example.

Ans) The above statement can be proved as true if we consider the case of Northern Ireland and the Netherlands where on one hand there is a dark history of racial discrimination between the two groups i.e. the Catholics and the Protestants while on the other hand there is a group who cut across each other through social differences and there is no such discrimination as both groups are considered equal and privileges and crises are not based on religious division. As a result of which people of Northern Ireland who have the dark history suffer deep social divisions and tensions whereas people of Netherlands accommodate themselves in harmony and peace.

8) What are the two criteria on which social differences are based upon?

Ans) Social differences are mainly based on two different criteria.

• Firstly, it is based on the accident of birth where people are born into certain cultures, class, community etc. and as a result of which they differ from a particular group owing to their birth conditions.
• Secondly, social differences are also based on choices i.e. if the one who is born into Christian family later on willingly chooses to change his religion to Buddhism then willingly identifies himself with a particular social group and differs from another.

9) State the basic ethnic composition of the population of Northern Ireland.

Ans) The population of the country is divided into two major sects of Christianity with 53 per cent of the population being Protestants represented by Unionists and 44 per cent being Roman Catholics mainly represented by Nationalist parties. Both the groups had contradictory demands making the country become a victim of violent and bitter ethnopolitical conflict.

10) What do you mean by Crosscutting difference? Give one example to support your answer.

Ans) When in a country or state class and religion overlap each other and where one particular group is not considered as inferior to the other or is not discriminated against because of their social identity then it can be termed as cross-cutting difference. Example in the Netherlands even though people were divided into two different groups yet they did not end up in a conflict situation as opportunities are equal for all and there is no discrimination based on social identity.

Class 10 Civics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers – Long Type Questions: [4-6 marks]

1) State three differences between the Civil Rights Movement and Black Power Movement that took place in America.

Ans)

• The Civil rights movement started in the year 1954 and lasted until the year 1968, while the Black Power Movement took place from 1966 to 1975.
• The Civil Rights Movement was non-violent and used peaceful disobedience methods to address the issue of racial discrimination. On the other hand, however, the Black Power Movement believed that if required usage of violence was justified to eradicate the issue of racial discrimination from the nation.
• The Civil Rights Movement was led by Martin Luther King Junior, on the other hand, the Black Lives Movement was led by different militants.

2) Social Divisions of one kind or the other exist in most countries. Explain with examples. (CBSE 2016, 2017).

Ans) Social divisions of some type or the other exist in almost all nations of the world be it the case of India or some other country.

• People having the same national identity have different caste class religious identities. Or people having same caste, class identities have different national identities.
• Social identities are also often based on religion and this particular feature holds the powers of uniting them and dividing the world population.
• Linguistic social divisions are also common and have been witnessed in many countries like Belgium, Sri Lanka. Etc. However, it also has different histories with different nations. While on one hand Belgium emerged as a successful linguistically diverse nation Sri Lanka’s diversity lead to civil war between the two groups.
• Countries like India has also witnessed a huge diversity in all spheres be it in case of religion or languages, class or caste India witnessed all. However, India has successfully managed all these diversities and kept the people of its nation united despite so much diversity.
• Also, migration of people from one nation to others has led to numerous social divisions which have been well tackled in some countries while in some it had led to a situation of conflict. Example Yugoslavia.

3) Point out two negative and two positive effects in which social divisions affect politics. (CBSE 2016, 2017)

Ans) Social divisions have a wide range of effects on Politics which can be both negative as well as positive.

• For example, in the case of Yugoslavia owing to the political competition based on religion and ethnicity has led to the disintegration of the country into 6 independent parts or nations.
• However, in the case of Belgium people belonging to different linguistic groups identified themselves with a common identity of their nationality which has led to peace and harmony of the groups.
• Again, the case of North Ireland which led to a clash and conflict-like situation in the country between the Christian groups the Catholics and Protestants who divided themselves into nationalists and unionists and resulted in a severe clash almost leading to an armed protest if not mediated at the right time.
• While on the other hand, we have the example of India where people from all types of social backgrounds, class, caste, religion, etc. live together in harmony under the common identity of belonging to the same nation and making the nation rank the topmost as a democracy with such a huge diversity.

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