Syllabus of Economics class XI
1. Statistics for Economics
2. Indian Economic Development
1. Statistics for Economics
Unit I: Introduction
• What is Economics?
• Meaning, scope and importance of statistics in Economics.
Unit II: Collection and Organisation of Data
• Collection of data: Sources of data – primary and secondary; how basic data is collected; methods of collecting data.
• Some important sources of secondary data: Census of India and National Sample Survey Organisation.
Organisation of Data: Meaning and types of variables; frequency distribution.
Presentation of Data: Tabular presentation of data and diagrammatic presentation of data:
(i) Geometric forms (bar diagrams and pie diagrams),
(ii) Frequency diagrams (histogram, polygon and ogive) and
(iii) Arithmetic line-graphs (time series graph).
Unit III: Statistical Tools and Interpretation
• Measures of Central Tendency – mean (simple and weighted), median and mode.
• Measures of Dispersion – absolute dispersion (range, quartile deviation, mean deviation and standard deviation); relative dispersion (co-efficient of quartile deviation, co-efficient of mean deviation and co-efficient of variation); Lorenz Curve: Meaning and its application.
• Correlation – meaning, scatter diagram; Measures of correlation – Karl Pearson’s method (two variables ungrouped data) and Spearman’s rank correlation.
• Introduction to Index Numbers – meaning, types – wholesale price index, consumer price index and index of industrial production, uses of index numbers; Inflation and index numbers. (For all the numerical problems and solutions, the appropriate economic interpretation may be attempted. This means that students need to solve the problems and provide interpretations for the results derived.)
Unit IV: Developing Projects in Economics
The students may be encouraged to develop projects which have primary data, secondary data or both. Case studies of a few organisations/outlets may also be encouraged. Some of the examples of the projects are as follows (they are not mandatory but suggestive):
(i) A report on the demographic structure of your neighbourhood;
(ii) Consumer awareness amongst households;
(iii) Changing prices of a few vegetables in your market;
(iv) Study of a cooperative institution: milk cooperatives.
2. Indian Economic Development
Unit I: Development Policies and Experience (1947-90)
• A brief introduction of the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence
• Common goals of five year plans
• Main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy, etc.), industry (industrial licensing, etc.) and foreign trade
Unit II: Economic Reforms since 1991
• Need and main features — liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation
• An appraisal of LPG policies
Unit III: Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy
Poverty: Absolute and relative; main programmes for poverty alleviation: a critical assessment
Rural development: Key issues – credit and marketing – role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification; alternative farming – organic farming
Human capital formation: How people become a resource; role of human capital in economic development; growth of education sector in India
Employment: Growth, informalisation and other issues: problems and policies.
Infrastructure: Meaning and types; case studies: energy and health — problems and policies — a critical assessment.
Environment: Sustainable economic development; limited availability of resources; environmental
degradation.
Unit IV: Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours
• India and Pakistan
• India and China
Issues: Growth, population, sectoral development and other developmental indicators