Class 12 Economics Solutions

What is government budget? Explain how taxes and subsidies can be used to influence allocation of resources

Question 12. What is government budget? Explain how taxes and subsidies can be used to influence allocation of resources
Class  Class 12
Chapter  Government Budget and the Economy
Subject Economics (Macroeconomics)
Category Sandeep garg Macroeconomics Class 12 Solutions

Sandeep Garg Macroeconomics Class 12 Solutions Circular flow of Income – Long Questions – Q.12 What is government budget? Explain how taxes and subsidies can be used to influence allocation of resources.

Solution:

Government Budget is a yearly statement showing estimated receipts as well as estimated expenditures of the government for a financial/Fiscal year.

Government through its budgetary policies frequently uses taxes and subsidies to influence allocation of resources. It raises taxes on the rich thereby reducing their in-hand income. Government also charges higher taxes on sin goods like, tobacco, alcohol, cigarettes etc to discourage their production and consumption. These receipts or resources are then distributed through various welfare schemes for the poor and setting up of different production avenues. For example, Government is now promoting made in India toys and khadi products. Government is also providing subsidies on LPG cylinders, rice, wheat etc. as a part of its welfare schemes for the poor.

→ Long Question 12

Sandeep Garg Macroeconomics Solutions

Short Questions Solutions

  1. Explain Circular flow of income in two sector economy.
  2. What are the different phases of a circular flow of income.
  3. What is meant by circular flow of income? Distinguish between Real flow and Money flow.
  4. “Households and Firms depend on each other in the circular flow of income. Justify the statement in case of a two-sector model.
  5. Distinguish between Stock and Flow. Give an example of each.
  6. Discuss briefly, the circular flow of income in a two sector economy with the help of a suitable diagram.

Long Questions Solutions

  1. Briefly discuss the money flow and the real flow of income.
  2. Describe the circular flow of income in a two-sector economy (without financial market).
  1. Distinguish between Factor income and Transfer income.
  2. Distinguish between Final goods and Intermediate goods.
  3. Machine purchased is always a final good.” Do you agree?
  4. Which of the following expenditure are Intermediate or Final goods?
  5. Discuss the meaning of Consumption goods and Capital goods.
  6. Distinguish between Consumer goods and Capital goods.

Short Questions Solutions

  1. State three objectives of a government budget
  2. Explain objective of stability of prices of government budget
  3. How can a government budget help in reducing inequalities reducing inequalities of income? Explain.
  4. Explain the ‘allocation of resources’ objective of Government budget.
  5. What is a government budget? Name two sources each of non-tax revenue receipts and capital Receipts.
  6. What is a government budget? Give the meaning of: (a) Revenue deficit; (b) Fiscal deficit.
  7. What are the two broad divisions of receipts of the government budget? Name two sources of each kind of receipt.
  8. Define tax revenue. What are the two kinds of tax revenues? Give two examples of each.
  9. Distinguish between Direct Tax and Indirect Tax
  10. Explain with the help of suitable examples the basis of classifying taxes into direct and indirect taxes
  11. Distinguish between revenue receipts and capital receipts
  12. Give meanings of Capital receipts and Revenue receipts with an example of each.

Long Questions Solutions

  1. Define Government budget. Explain the various objectives of a government budget.
  2. What is meant by non-tax revenue? Explain the different sources of non-tax revenue
  3. What is meant by budget expenditure? Distinguish between revenue expenditure and capital expenditure.
  4. What is the meaning of revenue receipts? What are the two main sources of revenue receipts?
  5. Discuss the meaning of following deficits: (i) Revenue Deficit; (ii) Fiscal Deficit; and (iii) Primary Deficit.
  6. Distinguish between: (a) Direct Tax and Indirect tax (b) Primary deficit and Revenue deficit
  7. Distinguish between the following (a) Revenue receipts and Capital receipts (b) Revenue deficit and Fiscal deficit