Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ covers certain important topics, which are covered under syllabus for ISCE Class 12 and are coming in Term II examination for the academic year 2022-23. Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ Test contains 88 questions. MCQ on Economics Class 12 ISC have been made for Class 12 students to help check the concept you have learnt from detailed classroom sessions and application of your knowledge.

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

The basic model of income determination




1. Determination of income, output and employment is the core issue of ______.

(a) Microeconomics

(b) Macroeconomics

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Macroeconomics


 

2. The simple model of income determination in the short run____ model.

(a) Keynesian model

(b) Hector model

(c) Pant model

(d) Rome model

Answer

Answer: (a) Keynesian model


 

3. Keynesian theory was developed in ____.

(a) 1939

(b) 1940

(c) 1935

(d) 1936

Answer

Answer: (d) 1936


 

4. According to Keynesian theory income and output in an economy depends upon;

(a) Aggregate demand

(b) Aggregate supply

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Both (a)&(b)





5. Conclusions derived from Keynesian theory can be reversed. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: False


 

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Aggregate demand

6. ______ is the total amount of goods and services demanded in an economy.

(a) Individual Demand

(b) Aggregate demand

(c) Actual demand

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Aggregate demand


 

7. Aggregate demand is;

(a) Desired

(b) Planned

(c) Intended

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

8. Group of buyers in an economy include;

(a) Household and firms

(b) Government

(c) Foreign buyers

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

9. Which of the following is not a component of aggregate demand;

(a) Household

(b) World bank

(c) Foreign government

(d) Firms

Answer

Answer: (b) World bank





10. ______ is the total amount of goods and services that people buy in an economy.

(a) Effective demand

(b) Aggregate demand

(c) Actual aggregate demand

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) Effective demand


 

11. Effective demand is an Ex-post concept. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

12. Actual demand equals the desired demand at _______.

(a) Maximum cost

(b) Equilibrium

(c) Maximum consumption level

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Equilibrium


 

13. Closed economy has;

(a) Only exports

(b) Only imports

(c) Neither imports nor exports

(d) Both import and export

Answer

Answer: (c) Neither imports nor exports


 

14. The components of aggregate demand in a closed economy are______.

(a) Firms

(b) Consumption expenditure

(c) Investment expenditure

(d) Both (b)&(c)

Answer

Answer: (d) Both (b)&(c)





15. ________ is the desired Expenditure by the households on the purchase of consumption goods.

(a) Investment

(b) Consumption expenditure

(c) Demand

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Consumption expenditure


 

16. _______ is the desired Expenditure by the producers on the purchase of capital goods.

(a) Investment expenditure

(b) Consumption expenditure

(c) Demand

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) Investment expenditure


 

17. _______ shows the relationship between total desired consumption spending by the households and the factors that determine it.

(a) Consumption expenditure

(b) Investment expenditure

(c) Consumption function

(d) Investment function

Answer

Answer: (c) Consumption function


 

18. The amount that people spend on consumption depends upon;

(a) Income

(b) Wealth

(c) Liquid assets

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

19. Keynesian theory of consumption function shows the functional relationship between the desired consumption and income. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True





Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Propensity to consume

20 . _______ shows the relationship between different levels of income and consumption.

(a) Consumption expenditure

(b) Investment expenditure

(c) Propensity to consume

(d) Investment function

Answer

Answer: (c) Propensity to consume


 

21. ______ refers to the proportion of income devoted to consumption.

(a) Propensity to consume

(b) The average propensity to consume

(c) Marginal propensity to consume

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) The average propensity to consume


 

22. Relationship between total consumption and total income is defined by

(a) Average Propensity to consume

(b) Propensity to consume

(c) Marginal propensity to consume

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) Average Propensity to consume


 

23. APC=∆C/Y (True/False)

Answer

Answer: False


 

24. _____ is the ratio of change in consumption to change in income.

(a) Average Propensity to consume

(b) Propensity to consume

(c) Marginal propensity to consume

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Marginal propensity to consume





25. The slope of ______ shows the marginal propensity to consume.

(a) Consumption curve

(b) Investment curve

(c) Income curve

(d) Average propensity

Answer

Answer: (a) Consumption curve


 

26. According to Keynes, there is a _____ relationship between income and consumption expenditure.

(a) No relationship

(b) Inverse

(c) Direct

(d) Negative

Answer

Answer: (c) Direct


 

27. Increase in income is divided between consumption spending and savings. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: true


 

28. The 45° line drawn from the origin denotes that every point on this line is equidistant from both axes. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

29. The consumption curve, slopes ___

(a) Upward

(b) Downward

(c) Horizontal

(d) Vertical

Answer

Answer: (a) Upward





30. Minimum level of consumption takes place at ______ level of income.

(a) Maximum

(b) Negative

(c) Zero

(d) Positive

Answer

Answer: (c) Zero


 

31. Consumption at zero level of income is known as:

(a) Ex-ante Consumption

(b) Ex-post consumption

(c) Desired consumption

(d) Autonomous consumption

Answer

Answer: (d) Autonomous consumption


 

32. Consumption>Income, this is a situation of

(a) Maximum consumption

(b) Saving

(c) Dissavings

(d) Minimum income level

Answer

Answer: (c) Dissavings


 

33. _____ is the slope of the consumption curve.

(a) MPC

(b) APC

(c) PC

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) MPC


 

34. For a straight line consumption function, MPC is______

(a) More than one

(b) Constant

(c) Zero

(d) One

Answer

Answer: (b) Constant





Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Propensity to save

35. _______ shows the relationship between the level of saving and the level of Income.

(a) Consumption expenditure

(b) Investment function

(c) Saving function.

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Saving function.


 

36. Higher level of income ensure;

(a) No savings

(b) Fewer savings

(c) More Expenditure

(d) More savings

Answer

Answer: (d) More savings


 

37. There is a _____ relationship between savings and consumption.

(a) Keynesian twins

(b) Siamese twins

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Siamese twins


 

38. Saving is an _____ function of the level of income

(a) Decreasing

(b) Constant

(c) Increasing

(d) Direct

Answer

Answer: (c) Increasing


 

39. ______ is the proportion of income that households want to save.

(a) The average propensity to save

(b) The average propensity to consume

(c) Marginal propensity to save

(d) Marginal propensity to consume

Answer

Answer: (a) The average propensity to save





40. APS=∆S/∆Y (True/False)

Answer

Answer: False


 

41. _______ is the ratio of change in total desired savings to change in total income.

(a) APS

(b) MPS

(c) APC

(d) MPC

Answer

Answer: (b) MPS


 

42. MPS=∆S/∆Y (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

43. MPS is indicated by the slope of;

(a) C-curve

(b) S-curve

(c) I-curve

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) S-curve


 

44. The value of MPS lies between;

(a) 0-1

(b) 1-10

(c) ∞-0

(d) 0-∞

Answer

Answer: (a) 0-1





45. The sum of APS and APC is

(a) ∞

(b) 0

(c) 1

(d) -1

Answer

Answer: (c) 1


 

46. MPC+MPS= 1 (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

47. Propensity to save curve can be derived from;

(a) Propensity to consume curve

(b) Propensity to save the schedule

(c) Propensity to consume schedule

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) Propensity to consume curve


 

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Investment expenditure

48. ______ refers to that part of aggregate output which takes the form of capital goods

(a) Savings

(b) Investment

(c) Consumption

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Investment


 

49. Investment undertaken by the government is known as;

(a) Public investment

(b) Private investment

(c) Overall investment

(d) Aggregate investment

Answer

Answer: (a) Public investment





50. Government invests in projects like;

(a) Schools

(b) Dams

(c) Roads

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

51. _______ investment is undertaken as a result of a change in the level of income.

(a) Private Investment

(b) Autonomous investment

(c) Induced investment

(d) Public investment

Answer

Answer: (c) Induced investment


 

52. Induced investment varies ______ with the change in the level of income.

(a) Indirectly

(b) Directly

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Directly


 

53. _______ is the investment that is not affected by a change in the level of income.

(a) Private Investment

(b) Autonomous investment

(c) Induced investment

(d) Public investment

Answer

Answer: (b) Autonomous investment


 

54. The curve of autonomous investment is______.

(a) Horizontal line

(b) Parallel to X-axis

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Both (a)&(b)





55. Autonomous investment is income-inelastic. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

56. Autonomous investment remains constant. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: False


 

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Determination of  equilibrium  income and output

57. Approaches to determine the equilibrium level of income are;

(a) Aggregate demand-Aggregate supply approach

(b) Saving-Investment approach

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) Both (a)&(b)


 

58. Under the AD-AS approach, equilibrium is decided where,

(a) AD=AS

(b) AS>AD

(c) AS<AD

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) AD=AS


 

59. Aggregate supply is equal to;

(a) Investment

(b) Consumption

(c) Savings

(d) National income

Answer

Answer: (d) National income





60. Which of the following statement are correct about the situation, AD<AS

(a) Firms are not able to sell the entire output they have purchased.

(b) There is an unplanned rise in inventories

(c) Firms reduce production.

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

61. Under the Saving-Investment approach equilibrium is determined where,

(a) S>I

(b) S<I

(c) S=I

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (c) S=I


 

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Investment multiplier

62. _______ is defined as the multiple amounts by which income Increases as a result of an increase in investment expenditure.

(a) Saving function

(b) Investment multiplier

(c) Investment function

(d) Propensity to invest

Answer

Answer: (b) Investment multiplier


 

63. ______ is the ratio of change in income to the change in investment.

(a) Investment multiplier

(b) Saving function

(c) Investment function

(d) Propensity to invest

Answer

Answer: (a) Investment multiplier


 

64. K=∆Y/∆I (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True





65. The investment multiplier is based on an assumption that the Expenditure of one person is the income of another (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

66. The smaller value of MPC shows;

(a) smaller amount of K

(b) larger amount of K

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) smaller amount of K


 

67. The larger value of MPC shows,

(a) A smaller amount of K

(b) A larger amount of K

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) A larger amount of K


 

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Employment

68. ______ refers to a situation when the equilibrium level of income is at that level when some resources are underemployed

(a) Full employment

(b) Voluntary unemployment

(c) Underemployment

(d) Over employment

Answer

Answer: (c) Underemployment


 

69. ______ is defined as the situation when all those persons who are willing to work at an existing wage rate get work.

(a) Full employment

(b) Voluntary unemployment

(c) Underemployment

(d) Over employment

Answer

Answer: (a) Full employment





70. Which of the following statements about full employment are correct?

(a) Full employment does not mean that everyone is employed.

(b) Idle rich people are not employed

(c) Frictional unemployment is consistent with full employment

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

71. People who are unemployed by their choice are known as involuntary unemployed. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: False


 

72. Which of the following are considered as voluntary unemployed?

(a) Idle rich

(b) Idle poor

(c) Thieves and pickpockets

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

73. A situation when people are willing to work at given wage rates but do not get jobs is known as;

(a) Full employment

(b) Involuntary unemployment

(c) Underemployment

(d) Over employment

Answer

Answer: (b) Involuntary unemployment


 

74. ________is a situation when some able-bodied person can work and are willing to work at the prevailing wage rate but are not able to find work that may yield them some regular income.

(a) Unemployment

(b) Involuntary unemployment

(c) Underemployment

(d) Over employment

Answer

Answer: (a) Unemployment





75. Unemployment is a situation when the person is without work involuntarily, and not voluntarily. (True/False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

Theory of Income and Employment Class 12 MCQ

Excess and deficit demand

76. Amount by which the actual aggregate demand exceeds, the aggregate output corresponding to full employment level in an economy is known as;

(a) Unemployment

(b) Excess employment

(c) Excess demand

(d) Excess supply

Answer

Answer: (c) Excess demand


 

77. The amount by which actual aggregate demand exceeds the aggregate supply corresponding to full employment is known as;

(a) Excess demand

(b) Excess supply

(c) Inflation

(d) Inflationary gap

Answer

Answer: (d) Inflationary gap


 

78. Excess demand is caused by;

(a) Increase in the consumption expenditure

(b) Increase in private consumption expenditure

(c) Increase in export

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

79. Fiscal policy is the policy of RBI to control excess demand ( True/False)

Answer

Answer: False





80. Which of the following is not the instrument of fiscal policy?

(a) Taxation

(b) Private investment

(c) Public borrowing

(d) Deficit financing

Answer

Answer: (b) Private investment


 

81. Monetary policy is the policy of RBI to control excess and deficit demand in an economy ( True/ False)

Answer

Answer: True


 

82. _____ is the rate at which the central bank gives loans to commercial banks for short term.

(a) Repo rate

(b) Bank rate

(c) Reverse repo rate

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (a) Repo rate





83. Open market operation refers to;

(a) Sale and purchase of RBI security

(b) Sale and purchase of government securities in the open market

(c) Both (a)&(b)

(d) None of the above

Answer

Answer: (b) Sale and purchase of government securities in the open market


 

84. _______ is the amount by which actual aggregate demand falls short of the aggregate output corresponding to full employment level in the economy.

(a) Excess demand

(b) Deficient demand

(c) Inflation

(d) Inflationary gap

Answer

Answer: (b) Deficient demand


 

85. ______ represents the difference between the actual aggregate demand and the level of aggregate demand required to establish Equilibrium at full employment level of Income

(a) Excess demand

(b) Deficient demand

(c) Inflation

(d) Deflationary gap

Answer

Answer: (d) Deflationary gap


 

86. Which of the following are the reasons for deficient demand?

(a) Fall in consumption expenditure

(b) Decrease in private investment expenditure

(c) Fall in money supply

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above





87. Which of the following are measures to correct excess demand in an economy?

(a) Fiscal and monetary policy

(b) Increasing Imports

(c) Increase in output

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above


 

88. Which of the following are measures to correct deficient demand?

(a) Fiscal policy

(b) Monetary policy

(c) Export promotion measures

(d) All of the above

Answer

Answer: (d) All of the above





Economics Class 12 ISC MCQs – Term 2